Joshua A Dearing, MD| Vascular Surgery | MedStar Health
About me
Dr. Dearing earned a bachelor’s degree in biology and researched molecular and cell biology at Duke University. He attended medical school at the University of North Carolina’s Chapel Hill School of Medicine. While there, he conducted research on abdominal transplant surgery. His residency took place at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine with the Montefiore Medical Center in New York. Dr. Dearing completed his fellowship in vascular surgery at MedStar Washington Hospital Center in Washington, DC.
Dr. Dearing speaks French and is proficient in medical Spanish. He performs procedures Tuesdays and Thursdays at MedStar Southern Maryland Hospital Center and has office hours from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Fridays. He also operates at MedStar Washington Hospital Center on Wednesdays.
Clinical areas of focus
- Aortic Aneurysm
- Atherosclerosis
- Carotid Stenosis
- Circulatory System Disorders
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Endovascular Aortic Repair
- Endovascular Treatment
- Leg Artery Disease
- Lower Limb Edema
- Peripheral Artery Disease
- Phlebitis
- Thoracic Aortic Dissection
- Varicose Veins Of Lower Extremities
- Vena Cava Filter Retrieval
- Venous Insufficiency
Conditions and procedures
Conditions I treat
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
- Aneurysm
- Aneurysm Of The Leg
- Aortic Aneurysm
- Aortic Aneurysm Rupture
- Aortic Arch Aneurysm
- Aortic Dissection Repair
- Arterial Embolism
- Arterial Occlusion
- Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)
- Artery Disorders
- Atheroembolism
- Atherosclerosis
- Buerger's Disease
- Capillary Diseases
- Carotid Endarterectomy
- Carotid Stenosis
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Circulatory System Disorders
- Claudication
- Coarctation Of The Aorta
- Complications Of Cardiac And Vascular Prosthetic Devices
- Complications Of Reattachment And Amputation
- Congenital Malformations Of Peripheral Vascular System
- Congenital Malformations Of Skin
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Dialysis Access
- Endoleak
- Fibromuscular Dysplasia
- Hip And Thigh Blood Vessel Injury
- Hip And Thigh Reconstruction
- Infected Aortic Graft
- Inferior Vena Cava Filter Removal
- Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
- Intestinal Ischemia
- Intracranial Aneurysm
- Leg Artery Disease
- Lower Leg Blood Vessel Injury
- Lower Limb Edema
- Lower Limb Ulcer
- May Thurner Syndrome
- Mesenteric Artery Disease
- Neck Injury
- Pelvic Congestion Syndrome
- Peripheral Artery Disease
- Peripheral Vascular Diseases
- Phlebitis
- Precerebral Artery Occlusion
- Presence Of Cardiac And Vascular Implants
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Shoulder And Upper Arm Blood Vessel Injury
- Skin Changes
- Skin Swelling And Lumps
- Spider Veins
- Subcortical Infarction
- Thoracic Aortic Disease
- Thoracic Aortic Dissection
- Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm
- Thorax Blood Vessel Injury
- Varicose Veins Of Lower Extremities
- Vascular Disorders Of Intestine
- Vascular Graft Infection
- Vascular Malformation
- Vein Disorders
- Venous Embolism
- Venous Insufficiency
- Venous Ulcers
- Visceral Artery Aneurysm
Procedures I perform
- Abdominal Aorta Restriction
- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
- Ambulatory Phlebectomy
- Angioaccess Arteriovenous Fistula Ligation
- Angiography
- Aortic Dissection Repair
- Aortography
- Axillary To Upper Arm Vein Bypass
- Balance And Coordination Training
- Balloon Dilation
- Bypass Graft
- Carotid Artery Aneurysm Repair
- Carotid Artery Angioplasty
- Carotid Endarterectomy
- Carotid Stenting
- Cauterization Of Granulation Tissue
- Celiac Plexus Block
- Chest Wall Manipulation
- Coiling Of An Aneurysm
- Common Carotid Artery Dilation
- Coronary Angiography With Cardiac Catheterization
- Coronary Thrombectomy
- Decompression Fasciotomy, Leg
- Dialysis
- Dialysis Access
- Dialysis Graft Placement
- Duplex Scan Of Extremity Veins
- Duplex Scan Of Upper Extremity Arteries
- Ecmo Cannulation
- Endovascular Aortic Repair
- Endovascular Repair Of Femoral Artery
- Endovascular Repair Of Thoracic Aorta
- Endovascular Treatment
- Endovenous Laser Ablation Of Varicose Veins
- External Iliac Artery Supplement
- Extirpation Of Right Femoral Vein
- Factor Vii Infusion
- Fluoroscopy Bilateral Common Carotid Arteries
- Fluoroscopy Right Upper Extremity Arteries
- Heart Ultrasonography
- Hepatic Artery Infusion
- Iliopopliteal Bypass
- Incision And Drainage Of Bartholin's Gland Abscess
- Inferior Vena Cava Filter Removal
- Insertion Infusion Device
- Insertion Of Infusion Device Into Lower Vein
- Internal Jugular Central Line Placement
- Intravascular Ultrasound
- Introduction Of Antineoplastic
- Left Abdomen Muscle Excision
- Limb Salvage
- Mesenteric Angiography
- Mesenteric Artery Bypass
- Mesenteric Artery Stenting
- Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation
- Muscle Injection
- Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
- Nerve Graft
- Occlusion Left External Iliac Artery
- Pectoralis Major Transfer
- Pelvic Ultrasound
- Penile Adhesions Lysis
- Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty
- Peripheral Venous Access
- Plain Radiography Abdominal Aorta
- Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome Treatment
- Pseudoaneurysm Treatment
- Pump Therapy
- Removal Of Intraluminal Device
- Removal Of Synthetic Substitute
- Renal Artery Stenting
- Revascularization
- Revision Synthetic Substitute
- Sclerotherapy Of Varicose Veins
- Stent Placement
- Stenting Of Blood Vessels
- Subclavian Artery Extirpation
- Thoracic Aorta Restriction
- Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
- Thoracic Outlet Decompression
- Thromboendarterectomy
- Thromboendarterectomy With Patch Graft
- Translumbar Aortography
- Transluminal Balloon Angioplasty
- Transthoracic Echocardiography
- Ultrasonography Inferior Vena Cava
- Ultrasonography Left Upper Extremity Veins
- Unlisted Biliary Tract Procedure
- Vascular Access Device Care
- Vascular Embolization
- Vascular Stenting
- Vein Patch Placement
- Vena Cava Catheter Introduction
- Vena Cava Filter Insertion
- Vena Cava Filter Retrieval
- Venous Stasis Ulcer Treatment
- Vertebral Artery Stenting
Insurance
MedStar Health accepts most major health insurance plans. If you are uncertain as to whether your individual health insurance plan is accepted at MedStar Health, please call your insurance company.
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List of insurance plans we accept
- AmeriHealth Caritas DC Healthcare Alliance
- Humana Medicare Advantage - PPO
- Healthy Blue (HMO, POS)
- OA Plus
- Medicare FFS
- CareFirst Group Medicare Advantage
- Johns Hopkins Advantage MD PLUS PPO
- Aetna Advantage 6350PD
- Fee-for-Service (FFS) District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia Medicaid
- Erickson Advantage Plans
- UnitedHealthcare Medicare Advantage DSNP District of Columbia
- Kaiser Permanente Select Cardiac Global
- CareFirst Blue Preferred PPO
- CareFirst Blue Choice Opt Out Plus Open Access (POS)
- AMERIVANTAGE/Amerigroup Community Care
- TRICARE East Prime
- Medicare Direct
- Aetna VA Exchange
- Optimum Choice
- IH-Indemnity
- MedStar Family Choice DC Healthcare Alliance
- CIGNA POS/Network POS
- Anthem BCBS of VA HealthKeepers (HMO)
- HUMANA/Choice Care Medicare Plans (Choice, Gold Choice)
- United Healthcare Choice
- Kaiser Permanente Medicare Advantage Signature and Select
- OCI Direct (HMO)
- Anthem Federal Employee Program Basic
- Beech Street PPO
- Aetna Premier 200PD
- Select HMO/HealthFund/Health Network
- Choice POS
- CIGNA HMO Open Access
- Johns Hopkins Advantage MD PPO
- Aetna Medicare Advantage HMO & PPO Plans
- Aetna Premier 200PD
- Police and Fire Clinic
- BCBS Out-of-State Medicare Plans (Blue Advantage)
- AmeriHealth Caritas DC Healthy Families
- Cigna TotalCare (HMO D-SNP)
- Network OA
- Kaiser Permanente Flexible Choice POS Cardiac Global
- Sentara Health
- Aetna Better Health of VA
- Anthem Federal Employee Program Standard
- UHC Group Medicare Advantage Plans (HMO, POS, PPO)
- IH-EPO Plus
- Choice POS II
- Anthem BCBS of VA HealthKeepers (HMO)
- Kaiser Permanente HMO Plus and DHMO Plus Member
- Aetna Student Health Insurance
- Veterans Affairs Community Care Network
- HealthyBlue PPO
- IH-POS
- IH-Open EPO Plus
- M.D. IPA Preferred (POS)
- Aetna Advantage 6350PD
- Aetna Managed Choice (POS)
- Aetna Quality Point of Service (POS)
- HealthyBlue PPO
- Kaiser Permanente Medicare Plus
- HighMark
- IH-Open EPO Plus
- AmeriHealth Caritas DC Healthy Families
- Beech Street PPO
- Johns Hopkins Advantage MD PPO
- IH-Open HMO Option
- United Healthcare Choice Cardiac Global
- Aetna Advantage 5750
- Coventry Health Care National Network PPO
- First Health PPO
- Fee-for-Service (FFS) District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia Medicaid
- CareFirst Maryland Indemnity or PPO
- Cigna Alliance Medicare (HMO)
- Cigna Alliance Medicare (HMO)
- Kaiser Permaenete Signature - Added Choice Cardiac Global
- United Medicare Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) plans
- CIGNA HMO & Network (HMO)
- MD IPA (HMO) & MD IPA Preferred Cardiac Global
- BlueChoice Open Access
- Magellan Complete Care of VA - VA Medicaid MCO
- MedStar Family Choice - Maryland Health Choice
- CareFirst Blue Card Program
- United Healthcare Community Plan - VA Medicaid MCO
- Humana Medicare Advantage - PPO
- Cigna True Choice Medicare (PPO)
- IH-Network Only Plus
- Cigna Preferred Medicare (HMO)
- IH-EPO Plus
- Optima Family Care MCO - VA Medicaid MCO
- United Healthcare Select HMO-EPO/NPP Cardiac Global
- DC/MD SHOP QHP Small Business Plans
- Amerigroup DC Alliance
- Medicare FFS
- Aetna HMO
- CareFirst Dual Prime HMO-SNP
- First Health PPO
- TRICARE for Life East
- Cigna Preferred Medicare (HMO)
- United Healthcare Choice Plus Cardiac Global
- CareFirst FEP Blue Focus
- Priority Partners - Maryland Health Choice
- BCBS of Michigan (BCN Advantage,Security Blue, Freedom, Medicare PLUS Blue Group PPO)
- Kaiser Permanente Select Cardiac Global
- MedStar Family Choice DC Healthcare Alliance
- United Healthcare Choice Cardiac Global
- Mamsi Life & Health (Indem./PPO)
- United Medicare Private Fee-for-Service (PFFS) plans
- MedStar Family Choice DC Healthy Families
- Alterwood Advanatge HMO & DSNP Plans
- WellPoint Maryland - Maryland Health Choice
- Aetna VA Exchange
- Anthem Federal Employee Program Basic
- CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield Advantage Core/Enhanced
- Coventry of Delaware HMO/PPO
- Aetna Advantage 6350
- Aetna Advantage 6350
- Cigna Achieve Medicare (HMO C-SNP)
- Choice POS II
- CareFirst Administrators
- Humana Gold Plus HMO
- IH-Network Only Plus
- Kaiser Permanente Select
- Blue Choice Advantage
- CIGNA PPO Plus
- Navigate
- Anthem BCBS Medi Blue Plus
- CareFirst (NCA) Indemnity
- Health Services for Children with Special Needs
- CareFirst Administrators
- Aetna Better Health of MD
- Medicare Direct
- MultiPlan, Inc
- UnitedHealthcare Medicare Adv. Special Needs Plans
- Aetna Signature Administrator PPO/TPA
- Anthem BCBS of VA HealthKeepers Plus
- UHC Passport
- Aetna HMO-Open Access/Select OA/HealthFund/Health Network Option OA
- Kaiser Permanente Signature
- Kaiser Permanente Select
- HumanaChoice PPO
- CIGNA Connect EPO
- CIGNA Indemnity
- AMERIVANTAGE/Amerigroup Community Care
- Uniformed Services Family Health Plan
- Choice POS II Open Access
- CareFirst NASCO
- Mamsi Life & Health (Indem./PPO)
- United Healthcare Select Plus (POS)
- Coventry Health Care of Virginia
- Aetna Classic 5000PD
- MD IPA (HMO) & MD IPA Preferred Cardiac Global
- CareFirst BlueChoice HMO
- Employee Health Plan
- United Healthcare Choice Plus
- Tricare Reserve Select
- Aetna HMO-Open Access/Select OA/HealthFund/Health Network Option OA
- CIGNA EPO
- CareFirst Maryland Point of Service Plan
- Lasso Healthcare - Medicare Medical Savings Account
- Choice POS II Open Access
- Jai Medical Systems - Maryland Health Choice
- Aetna Classic 5000
- Uniformed Services Family Health Plan
- Employee Health Plan
- Maryland Physicians Care MCO
- Anthem BCBS Medi Blue Dual Adv
- Optimum Choice Preferred (POS)
- United HealthCare Community Plan - Maryland Health Choice Program
- TRICARE East Prime
- IH-Indemnity
- Amerigroup DC Healthy Families
- CareFirst Community Health Plan of MD
- Private Health Care Systems (PPO)
- AmeriHealth Caritas DC Healthcare Alliance
- Cigna True Choice Medicare (PPO)
- Choice Fund PPO
- CIGNA EPO
- CareFirst NASCO
- Core Essential (HMO)
- IH-POS Plus
- Anthem BCBS of VA Key Care POS/PPO/Indemnity
- Optimum Choice & Optimum Choice Preferred (POS) Cardiac Global
- Humana Gold Plus HMO
- Mamsi Life & Health (Indem./PPO) Cardiac Global
- IH-PPO
- Advantra Platinum (PPO)
- Health Services for Children with Special Needs
- UnitedHealthcare and AARP Medicare Complete Plans
- IH-Open HMO Option
- HighMark
- United Healthcare Select Plus (POS)
- Aetna Classic 5000
- Kaiser Permanente Medicare Plus
- CareFirst Maryland Indemnity or PPO
- HumanaChoice PPO
- United Healthcare Select HMO-EPO/NPP Cardiac Global
- Anthem BCBS Medi Blue Plus
- First Health PPO
- Veterans Affairs Community Care Network
- Sentara Health
- NYC Medicare Advantage Plus
- Kaiser Permanente Signature - Added Choice
- Cigna TotalCare (HMO D-SNP)
- Kaiser Maryland Medicaid MCO
- Aetna Managed Choice Open Access (POS)
- Aetna Student Health Insurance
- Anthem BCBS of VA HealthKeepers Plus
- IH-Open POS II
- BCBS of Michigan (BCN Advantage,Security Blue, Freedom, Medicare PLUS Blue Group PPO)
- MedStar Family Choice - Maryland Health Choice
- Choice Fund PPO
- Aetna Managed Choice Open Access (POS)
- Aetna Classic 3500
- Aetna Signature Administrator PPO/TPA
- Aetna Worker's Compensation Network
- Amerigroup DC Alliance
- Kaiser Permanente Flexible Choice 3-tier POS
- IH-Open Network Only Plus
- Cigna True Choice Plus Medicare (PPO)
- POS OA
- Maryland Physicians Care MCO
- UnitedHealthcare and AARP Medicare Complete Plans
- HumanaChoice Honor's plan PPO
- CareFirst Group Medicare Advantage
- POS OA
- Aetna Elect Choice/ EPO (Aetna Health Fund)
- OA Plus
- CIGNA PPO Plus
- UHC Passport
- M.D. IPA (HMO)
- Anthem BCBS of VA Key Care POS/PPO/Indemnity
- Core Essential (HMO)
- Private Fee-for-Service Plans (PFFS)
- United HealthCare Community Plan - Maryland Health Choice Program
- Private Fee-for-Service Plans (PFFS)
- Coventry Health Care of Virginia
- CareFirst Dual Prime HMO-SNP
- Alterwood Advanatge HMO & DSNP Plans
- Aetna Better Health of VA
- Fee-for-Service (FFS) District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia Medicaid
- Police and Fire Clinic
- IH-Open POS Plus
- Mamsi Life & Health (Indem./PPO)
- Anthem BCBS Medi Blue SNP
- Great-West Healthcare POS/CIGNA
- CareFirst MedStar PPO
- CareFirst MedStar Select PPO
- UnitedHealthcare Individual Exchange Plans
- Aetna Medicare Advantage HMO & PPO Plans
- CIGNA HMO Open Access
- IH-PPO
- CareFirst EPO
- Magellan Complete Care of VA - VA Medicaid MCO
- MedStar Family Choice - Maryland Health Choice
- United Healthcare Options (PPO)
- Navigate
- Humana Medicare Advantage - HMO Open Access
- United Healthcare Choice Plus
- IH-Open HMO
- CareFirst BlueChoice HMO
- CareFirst Federal Employee Program (Std. & Basic PPO)
- Network OA
- Cigna Achieve Medicare (HMO C-SNP)
- Johns Hopkins Advantage MD PLUS PPO
- CareFirst Federal Employee Program (Std. & Basic PPO)
- Aetna Basic
- Optima Family Care MCO - VA Medicaid MCO
- CIGNA PPO
- Kaiser Permanente Flexible Choice 3-tier POS
- Great-West Healthcare POS/CIGNA
- CareFirst Community Health Plan of MD
- Kaiser Permanente Flexible Choice POS Cardiac Global
- Private Health Care Systems (PPO)
- CareFirst Blue Choice Opt Out Plus Open Access (POS)
- Geisinger Medicare Advantage
- Aetna Classic 5000PD
- Aetna Classic 3500
- DC/MD SHOP QHP Small Business Plans
- Priority Partners - Maryland Health Choice
- Healthy Blue (HMO, POS)
- United Healthcare Choice
- IH-Open Network Only Plus
- Johns Hopkins Advantage MD HMO
- CareFirst Blue Card Program
- CareFirst Blue Choice Opt Out Open Access
- MedStar Family Choice DC Healthcare Alliance
- Anthem BCBS of VA HealthKeepers (POS & POS OA)
- United Healthcare Choice Plus Cardiac Global
- Amerigroup DC Healthy Families
- Choice Care Network/HUMANA (PPO)
- United Healthcare Select HMO - EPO/NPP
- Medicare Advantage - Advantra Value (PPO)
- IH-HMO
- CareFirst MedStar Select PPO
- United Student Resources
- CareFirst FEP Blue Focus
- Lasso Healthcare - Medicare Medical Savings Account
- IH-Open POS Plus
- TRICARE East Select
- Coventry Health Care National Network PPO
- WellPoint Maryland - Maryland Health Choice
- CareFirst MedStar PPO
- Humana Medicare Advantage - HMO Open Access
- HumanaChoice Honor's plan PPO
- Aetna Elect Choice/ EPO (Aetna Health Fund)
- Kaiser Maryland Medicaid MCO
- CIGNA SureFit (HMO)
- Aetna Medicare Advantage PFFS Plan
- Erickson Advantage Plans
- CIGNA SureFit (HMO)
- UnitedHealthcare Medicare Adv. Special Needs Plans
- Tricare Reserve Select
- Medicare Advantage - Advantra Value (PPO)
- United Healthcare Select HMO - EPO/NPP
- Mamsi Life & Health (Indem./PPO) Cardiac Global
- OCI Direct (HMO)
- TriWest Healthcare Alliance
- Optimum Choice Preferred (POS)
- CareFirst Group Medicare Advantage prescription drug benefit (PPO)
- IH-Open HMO
- CareFirst Blue Preferred PPO
- Kaiser Permaenete Signature - Added Choice Cardiac Global
- MultiPlan, Inc
- Coventry of Delaware HMO/PPO
- Anthem BCBS Medi Blue Dual Adv
- Aetna Worker's Compensation Network
- Options PPO Cardiac Global
- Anthem BCBS of VA HealthKeepers (POS & POS OA)
- BCBS Out-of-State Medicare Plans (Blue Advantage)
- Aetna Elect Choice/ Open Access (POS)
- Choice POS
- Kaiser Permanente HMO Plus and DHMO Plus Member
- IH-HMO
- First Health PPO
- Select HMO/HealthFund/Health Network
- Cigna True Choice Plus Medicare (PPO)
- UnitedHealthcare Medicare Advantage DSNP District of Columbia
- Aetna Open Choice (PPO)
- Kaiser Permanente Select - Added Choice
- M.D. IPA (HMO)
- Anthem Federal Employee Program Standard
- M.D. IPA Preferred (POS)
- UHC Group Medicare Advantage Plans (HMO, POS, PPO)
- IH-POS Plus
- Aetna HMO
- United Healthcare Navigate Cardiac Global
- United Healthcare Options (PPO)
- Aetna Medicare Advantage PFFS Plan
- Blue Choice Advantage
- UnitedHealthcare Individual Exchange Plans
- CIGNA POS/Network POS
- TriWest Healthcare Alliance
- Jai Medical Systems - Maryland Health Choice
- Optimum Choice
- Advantra Platinum (PPO)
- CareFirst Maryland Point of Service Plan
- MedStar Family Choice DC Healthy Families
- IH-POS
- Choice Care Network/HUMANA (PPO)
- Optimum Choice & Optimum Choice Preferred (POS) Cardiac Global
- Johns Hopkins Advantage MD HMO
- Kaiser Permanente Signature
- Aetna Elect Choice/ Open Access (POS)
- United Student Resources
- Aetna Basic
- Anthem BCBS Medi Blue SNP
- HUMANA/Choice Care Medicare Plans (Choice, Gold Choice)
- CIGNA Connect EPO
- Aetna Better Health of MD
- NYC Medicare Advantage Plus
- BlueChoice Open Access
- United Healthcare Navigate Cardiac Global
- Aetna Advantage 5750
- Kaiser Permanente Medicare Advantage Signature and Select
- CIGNA HMO & Network (HMO)
- TRICARE East Select
- CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield Advantage Core/Enhanced
- Aetna Traditional Choice (PPO)
- CareFirst Blue Choice Opt Out Open Access
- CareFirst Group Medicare Advantage prescription drug benefit (PPO)
- CIGNA Indemnity
- TRICARE for Life East
- Aetna Traditional Choice (PPO)
- Aetna Quality Point of Service (POS)
- CareFirst EPO
- Kaiser Permanente Select - Added Choice
- Geisinger Medicare Advantage
- Kaiser Permanente Signature - Added Choice
- Options PPO Cardiac Global
- United Healthcare Community Plan - VA Medicaid MCO
- Aetna Managed Choice (POS)
- IH-Open POS II
- Aetna Open Choice (PPO)
- CIGNA PPO
- CareFirst (NCA) Indemnity
Videos
Education
Board Certification: American Board of Surgery, General Surgery
Fellowship: MedStar Washington Hospital Center (2017)
Residency: Montefiore Medical Center (2015)
Medical School: University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (2010)
Hospital affiliations
News and publications
- Sulzinski MC, Rossi MJ, Alfawaz AA, Reynolds KB, Maloni KC, Kiguchi MM, Dearing JA, Abramowitz SD, Vallabhaneni R, Woo EY, Fatima J. Optimization of factors for the prevention of spinal cord ischemia in thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Vascular. 2021 Apr 14
- Alfawaz AA, Dunphy KM, Abramowitz SD, Kiguchi MM, Dearing JA, Shults CC, Woo EY. Parallel Grafting Should Be Considered as a Viable Alternative to Open Repair in High-Risk Patients With Paravisceral Aortic Aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021 Feb 5