Who should consider cancer genetic counseling?
Does a family history of cancer mean I should see a genetic counselor?
Does being diagnosed with cancer at a young age mean it could be genetic?
Although most cancers occur by chance, some families have a hereditary predisposition that increases the risk of developing cancer. Genetic counseling is an educational and supportive process for helping individuals and families learn about the chances of developing cancer based on inherited risk factors, and discussing strategies to reduce risks or detect cancer early.
Genetic counseling both before and after testing is more important than ever. Partnering with a certified genetic counselor to learn about your risks and options can be empowering.
Hereditary cancer is a complex, rapidly evolving field—studies show that healthcare providers who don't specialize in the subject often order the wrong genetic tests or don't interpret the results correctly. Unfortunately, direct-to-consumer genetic tests don't always look for the most clinically important gene alterations and may not provide accurate results. They may not come with genetic counseling that can ease anxiety, provide meaning, and help guide care (including preventive steps).
Genetic counseling can help you and your family be proactive about managing your risks, and can be especially important if you have a personal and/or family history of:
- Female breast, colorectal, or uterine cancer before the age of 50
- Male breast, pancreatic, ovarian, or metastatic prostate cancer at any age
- Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry and a personal or family history of one of the cancers above
- Individuals diagnosed with more than one type of cancer
- Ten or more pre-cancerous colorectal polyps
- A known cancer-predisposing genetic change (e.g., BRCA1 or BRCA2)
Looking for genetic testing during pregnancy? Contact our OB/GYN experts
Program highlights
Evidence-based genetic counseling services
Our program provides a full range of genetic counseling services to help you and your family when inherited, cancer-related mutations are suspected. We offer:
Expertise: Our board-certified, licensed genetic counselors help you understand your personal or family health history, genetic information, and any test results, and what they may mean for you and your family.
Seamless Care: With locations in Washington, D.C., and Baltimore, we work with MedStar Health cancer specialists across the region, treating all types of cancer. While those doctors know when to refer patients to us, we also encourage you to contact us. We work with doctors outside the MedStar Health network, too, sharing results and collaborating on management plans.
Telehealth and in-person appointments are available. Your appointment options may depend on your insurance requirements and/or provider availability.
Insurance Coverage and Costs for Genetic Testing: MedStar Health participates with most major health insurance plans. Please contact your insurance company to make sure your plan is covered.
The cost of genetic testing is an important consideration, and there may be multiple options for obtaining it, even without insurance coverage. Billing for genetic testing will be discussed during your genetic counseling appointment, based on your individual needs.
Genetic testing for cancer risk
Testing for inherited mutations associated with increased cancer risks is a powerful tool that continues to improve. For example, we can now test for mutations in dozens of different genes with just one blood or saliva sample.
Some people who undergo genetic counseling choose not to pursue genetic testing. That is okay. We help you weigh the decision and encourage careful consideration, including discussion with your family and your healthcare providers.
Individualized cancer prevention and risk management
There are several steps you and your family can take to manage your hereditary cancer risk. Our genetic counselors will help you weigh the options, which might include:
- Genetic testing to guide treatment planning after cancer diagnosis
- Earlier or more frequent cancer screening than those with average risk
We craft an individualized set of recommendations based on your family history, risk level, and, if pursued, genetic testing results.
What to expect
Genetic counseling is a comprehensive process of risk assessment, management, and support for individuals and families concerned about their risk of developing cancer.
The genetic counseling process includes:
- A detailed family history and personal risk factor assessment
- Options for genetic testing
- Coordination of a sample for genetic testing, if applicable
- Interpretation of genetic test results
- Individualized recommendations for cancer screening and options for risk reduction
- Information for your relatives’ consideration of genetic testing and risk for cancer
- Guidance and support for decision-making throughout the genetic counseling process, including any necessary referrals
- A detailed individual summary letter for you and your referring doctor
Things to consider
Our genetic counselors help you consider several factors when deciding whether to undergo genetic testing for cancer risk:
- Impact: Most people who get genetic testing cope very well with the results. You may feel relieved and good about taking action to protect your health and becoming more informed. But sometimes, coping with genetic test results can be challenging. Our genetic counselors provide information and support resources to help meet your individual needs.
- Family: Obtaining information for family members is often a key reason for choosing to have genetic testing. However, some relationships can be strained by prospects of testing and by the results—not everyone wants to know this type of information.
- Timing: The length of time to receive results varies depending on the type of test and the lab used. Sometimes results take several weeks to obtain.
Frequently asked questions
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Should I get genetic counseling for hereditary cancer risk
Genetic counseling may be helpful if cancer runs in your family, especially if cancers occurred at younger ages or affected multiple relatives. If you’re unsure, we encourage you to contact us. It's better to check than to miss an opportunity for helpful guidance. See who is recommended for genetic counseling.
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Who provides genetic counseling services?
Our genetic counseling services are provided by board-certified and licensed genetic counselors. Genetic counselors have a Master's degree and provide comprehensive risk assessment, management guidelines, and supportive care to individuals and their families.
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Is genetic testing a required part of genetic counseling?
No. Genetic testing is a personal decision, and some people who receive counseling choose not to be tested. We will help you weigh the decision and encourage careful consideration of several factors. Although you can get tested after your initial visit, you can also think about it and decide later.
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How much does genetic testing cost?
Cost is an important consideration for genetic testing, and there may be different options available, even for those without insurance. Billing and payment options will be discussed during your genetic counseling appointment based on your individual circumstances.
Looking for expert cancer care?
With multiple locations throughout the region, patients have access to many of the nation’s renowned cancer specialists offering high quality care, second opinions and a chance for better outcomes close to where they live and work. Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, one of the nation’s comprehensive cancer centers designated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), serves as the research engine allowing patients access to clinical trials that often lead to breakthroughs in cancer care.
Contact us
Maryland
To learn more about our services in the Baltimore region, call us today at 443-777-6725.
Washington, D.C.
To learn more about our services in the Washington, D.C., region, call MedStar Georgetown University Hospital at 202-444-0023 or MedStar Washington Hospital Center at 202-877-8785.
Patient resources
Videos
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Understanding Your Risk for Cancer Through Genetic Counseling
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The High-Risk Cancer Program at MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center